Cross Equatorial Northerly Surge (CENS) selama Intensive Observation Period (IOP) BMKG-JAMSTEC 2021

  • YMC
  • 20 Mar 2021

Pada tanggal 8 Januari hingga 8 Maret 2021 telah dilaksanakan kegiatan penelitian internasional bersama berupa Intensive Observation Period (IOP) antara Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG) dan Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) di dua lokasi yaitu Stasiun Meteorologi Seokarno-Hatta (CGK) dan Stsiun Meteorologi Pangkal Pinang (PKP). Kegiatan ini merupakan bagian dari Years of the Maritime Continent (YMC) yang merupakan kegiatan multi tahunan yang telah dilaksanakan dalam 2 fase (Fase 1: 2017-2020, and Fase 2: 2021-). IOP ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mengamati proses modifikasi massa udara pada saat kejadian Cold Surge (CS), proses perkembangan konvektif, dan dampaknya terhadap cuaca buruk termasuk hujan lebat.

Cold Surge (CS) adalah penjalaran udara dingin di dekat permukaan dari tekanan tinggi yang dingin di atas benua Eurasia hingga Samudera Pasifik pada musim dingin di utarayang berlangsung dari Desember hingga Maret. Aliran utara ini berskala besar yang mencapai Tropis berlanjut selama sekitar 2 - 10 hari dan berdampak pada kenaikan intensitas hujan di wilayah Indnoesia. Cross Equatorial Northerly Surge (CENS) Gelombang angin permukaan utara kadang melintasi ekuator di laut pedalaman Indonesia (Laut Cina Selatan bagian selatan dan Laut Jawa) dan dibedakan dari gelombang dingin biasa. Ini mempengaruhi konveksi di Laut Jawa dan pulau Jawa dan terkadang menyebabkan curah hujan yang tinggi.

Selama kampanye ini, ada 7 peristiwa CENS (kecepatan angin utara rata-rata untuk area 105-110E, 5S-EQ yang ditunjukkan pada Gambar. 3 melebihi 5 m / s) diamati: CENS1: 17-23 Januari 2021, CENS2: 28-31 Januari 2021, CENS3: 2-4 Februari 2021, CENS4: 6-9 Februari 2021, CENS5: 12-16 Februari 2021, CENS6: 18-21 Februari 2021, dan CENS7: 22-27 Februari 2021.

Fig. 1 Time latitude cross-section of GSMaP rainfall and surface meridional convergence with JRA55 for the period of 8 Jan. - 8 Mar. 2021. Vectors indicate the surface horizontal winds.

Fig. 2 Time latitude cross-section of NOAA OI SST anomaly from 30 years mean and GMPE 16 ensemble median SST for the period of 8 Jan. - 8 Mar. 2021. Vectors indicate the surface horizontal winds.

Fig. 3 The averaged GSMaP rainfall for each CENS event (CENS1: 17-23 Jan., CENS2: 28-31 Jan., CENS3: 2-4 Feb., CENS4: 6-9 Feb., CENS5: 12-16 Feb., CENS6: 18-21 Feb., and CENS7: 22-27 Feb. 2021)

Data Observasi

Fig. 4 Time height cross-sections of T anomalies at CGK (above) and PGK (down) (data procedure and figure production by Dr. SUZUKI Junko)

Fig. 5 Rainfall data observation in Jakarta and surrounding area during CENS. (data procedure and figure production by BMKG)

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